Paper Title :The Variation Between The Proportions of Egg External and Internal Traits in Four Species of Birds

Author :Ahmed Sami Shaker, Questan Ali Ameen, Nidhal Abdulghani Mustafa, Shilan Aram Akram, 5shahla Mohammed Saeed Kirkuki, Rozhgar Baiz Saeed, Mohammed Sardar Mohammed

Article Citation :Ahmed Sami Shaker ,Questan Ali Ameen ,Nidhal Abdulghani Mustafa ,Shilan Aram Akram ,5shahla Mohammed Saeed Kirkuki ,Rozhgar Baiz Saeed ,Mohammed Sardar Mohammed , (2019 ) " The Variation Between The Proportions of Egg External and Internal Traits in Four Species of Birds " , International Journal of Advances in Science, Engineering and Technology(IJASEAT) , pp. 1-4, Volume-7,Issue-4

Abstract : MnO2 has much intention for electrochemical energy storage, however its low conductivity becomes limitation. Defect creation through doping usually used to increase conductivity. In this work, Cu doped MnO2 nanorods K+ - Mn1-xCuxO2 (x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15) has been successfully synthesized by hydrothermal processes using raw materials KMnO4, HCl (37%), CuCl2.2H2O and H2O at 140⁰C for 5 hours. The characterizations include XRD of CuKα radiation, SEM, EDX, TEM and impedance complex analysis for conductivity evaluation. XRD spectra show single phase α-MnO2, however EDX analysis show K, Mn and Cu elements were detected. SEM/TEM show the particle has rods morphology 1-4 μm long and 10 – 50 nm diameter. The structure parameter derived from XRD are similar to that of derived from TEM, in which for low Cu percentage the lattice parameter reduced up to x=0.1 then increase for higher. The conductivity measurement at room temperature shows an increase of conductivity with increasing Cu percentage. Keywords - Cu Doped MnO2, Nanorods, Crystal Structure, Hydrothermal Process, Conductivity

Type : Research paper

Published : Volume-7,Issue-4

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