Paper Title
Cost-Benefit Analysis Of Two- Identical Cold Standby System Subject To Solar Penal Failure And Failure Due To Effects Of Shading And Angle The Panels Are Mounted

Abstract
Solar panels generate electricity using energy from the sun. Because the panels produce energy from daylight and not sunlight they still produce energy on cloudy days. The direct current produced by the panels is converted by the inverter to alternating current for use in the building. The electricity produced is either consumed directly by appliances in the building or if more power than required is generated it is exported to the grid. At night or when the system is not producing enough energy, power is supplied by the grid in the normal way. Solar PV works from daylight and not direct sunlight, but more power is produced on a sunny day as opposed to overcast or cloudy one. Shading is critical. Minor shading can result in significant loss of energy because the cell with the lowest illumination determines the operating current of the of the series string in which it is connected. It is therefore important to avoid the array facing into shade from trees, chimneys or other buildings. Our PV systems are entirely grid connected. If there is a power cut the system is automatically switched off as a safety measure to ensure power does not leak on to the grid in order to protect personnel working to restore the power supply. There will be no power to the building during the power cut. Reliability is a measure of how well a system performs or meets its design requirements. It is hence the prime concern of all scientists and engineers engaged in developing such a system.. In this paper we have taken two types of failures (1) FSP- failure due to Solar penal (2) FSA-Failure due to effects of Shading and angle the panels are mounted. When the main unit fails then cold standby system becomes operative. Failure due to Solar penal and Failure due to effects of Shading and angle the panels are mounted cannot occur simultaneously in both the units. After failure the unit undergoes very costly repair facility immediately. Applying the regenerative point technique with renewal process theory the various reliability parameters MTSF, Availability, Busy period, Benefit-Function analysis have been evaluated. Keywords: Cold Standby, FSP- failure due to Solar penal, FSA-failure due to effects of Shading and angle the panels are mounted, first come first serve, MTSF, Availability, Busy period, Cost-Benefit analysis